(5) Python Cheatography Cheat Sheet This cheat sheet is for more advanced learners. It covers class, string and list methods as well as system calls from the sys module. Once you’re comfortable defining basic classes and command line interfaces (CLIs), get this cheat sheet. The Python string method.find returns the index of the first occurrence of the string passed as the argument. It returns -1 if no occurrence is found. Flip4mac plugin free download mac. Mountainname = 'Mount Kilimanjaro' print (mountainname.find('o')) # Prints 1 in the console.
Python selenium commands cheat sheet
Python Strings cheat sheet of all shortcuts and commands. Dictionary elements can be accessed with methods such as.keys,.values and.items dictionaries are iterable objects, so Python allows for loops or dictionary comprehensions. I left many other methods and functionalities out, but I hope this gives a head start to build a cheat sheet to work with Python dictionary objects.
Frequently used python selenium commands – Cheat Sheet
To import webdriver module in python use below import statement
Driver setup:
Firefox:
firefoxdriver = webdriver.Firefox(executable_path=”Path to Firefox driver”)
To download: Visit GitHub
Chrome:
chromedriver = webdriver.Chrome(executable_path=”Path to Chrome driver”)
To download: Visit Here
Internet Explorer:
iedriver = webdriver.IE(executable_path=”Path To IEDriverServer.exe”)
To download: Visit Here
Edge:
edgedriver = webdriver.Edge(executable_path=”Path To MicrosoftWebDriver.exe”)
To download: Visit Here
Opera:
operadriver = webdriver.Opera(executable_path=”Path To operadriver”)
To download: visit GitHub
Safari:
SafariDriver now requires manual installation of the extension prior to automation
Browser Arguments:
–headless
To open browser in headless mode. Works in both Chrome and Firefox browser
–start-maximized
To start browser maximized to screen. Requires only for Chrome browser. Firefox by default starts maximized
–incognito
To open private chrome browser
–disable-notifications
To disable notifications, works Only in Chrome browser
Example:
or
To Auto Download in Chrome:
To Auto Download in Firefox:
We can add any MIME types in the list. MIME for few types of files are given below.
- Text File (.txt) – text/plain
- PDF File (.pdf) – application/pdf
- CSV File (.csv) – text/csv or “application/csv”
- MS Excel File (.xlsx) – application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet or application/vnd.ms-excel
- MS word File (.docx) – application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.wordprocessingml.document
Zip file (.zip) – application/zip
Note:
The value of browser.download.folderList can be set to either 0, 1, or 2.
0 – Files will be downloaded on the user’s desktop.
1 – Files will be downloaded in the Downloads folder.
2 – Files will be stored on the location specified for the most recent download
Disable notifications in Firefox
firefoxOptions.set_preference(“dom.webnotifications.serviceworker.enabled”, false);
firefoxOptions.set_preference(“dom.webnotifications.enabled”, false);
Open specific Firefox browser using Binary:
Open specific Chrome browser using Binary:
from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.chrome.options import Options
options = Options()
options.binary_location = “”
driver = webdriver.Chrome(chrome_options=options, executable_path=””)
driver.get(‘http://google.com/’)
Read Browser Details:
driver.title
driver.window_handles
driver.current_window_handles
driver.current_url
driver.page_source
Go to a specified URL:
driver.get(“http://google.com”)
driver.back()
driver.forward()
driver.refresh()
Locating Elements:
driver.find_element_by_ – To find the first element matching the given locator argument. Returns a WebElement
driver.find_elements_by_ – To find all elements matching the given locator argument. Returns a list of WebElement
By ID
<input id=”q” type=”text” />
element = driver.find_element_by_id(“q”)
By Name
<input id=”q” name=”search” type=”text” />
element = driver.find_element_by_name(“search”)
By Class Name
<div class=”username” style=”display: block;”>…</div>
element = driver.find_element_by_class_name(“username”)
By Tag Name
<div class=”username” style=”display: block;”>…</div>
element = driver.find_element_by_tag_name(“div”)
By Link Text
<a href=”#”>Refresh</a>
element = driver.find_element_by_link_text(“Refresh”)
By Partial Link Text
<a href=”#”>Refresh Here</a>
element = driver.find_element_by_partial_link_text(“Refresh”)
By XPath
<form id=”testform” action=”submit” method=”get”>
Username: <input type=”text” />
Password: <input type=”password” />
</form>
element = driver.find_element_by_xpath(“//form[@id=’testform’]/input[1]”)
By CSS Selector
<form id=”testform” action=”submit” method=”get”>
<input class=”username” type=”text” />
<input class=”password” type=”password” />
</form>
element = driver.find_element_by_css_selector(“form#testform>input.username”)
Important Modules to Import:
from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.support.wait import WebDriverWait
from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions
from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import Select
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
from selenium.webdriver.common.action_chains import ActionChains
from selenium.common.exceptions import NoSuchElementException
from selenium.webdriver.firefox.firefox_binary import FirefoxBinary
from selenium.webdriver.chrome.options import Options
from selenium.webdriver.firefox.options import Options
Python Selenium commands for operation on elements:
button/link/image:
click()
get_attribute()
is_displayed()
is_enabled()
Text field:
send_keys()
clear()
Checkbox/Radio:
is_selected()
click()
Select:
Find out the select element using any element locating strategies and then select options from list using index, visible text or option value.
Element properties:
is_displayed()
is_selected()
is_enabled()
These methods return either true or false.
Read Attribute:
get_attribute(“”)
Get attribute from a disabled text box
driver.find_element_by_id(“id”).get_attribute(“value”);
Screenshot:
Note: An important note to store screenshots is that save_screenshot(‘filename’) and get_screenshot_as_file(‘filename’) will work only when extension of file is ‘.png’. Otherwise content of the screenshot can’t be viewed
Read articles for more details about taking screenshot and element screenshot
The list here contains mostly used python selenium commands but not exhaustive. Please feel free to add in comments if you feel something is missing and should be here.
3 Responses
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Thank you very much
Hi Sir,
I am trying to do the sorting in selenium with python using For loop could u please help me is there any way that i can do it ?
Sorting in descending order in the below website
website: https://jqueryui.com/sortable/
Python is one of the most popular programming languages in the world. Some of the world’s most famous companies use Python like Netflix, Google, and Uber. But if you’ve seen our article on developer’s confessions then you already know developers use cheat sheets all the time!
To help you learn Python, we here at OneMonth wanted to offer this free Python cheat sheet that you can use anytime to look up python variables, functions, tuples, and more. Enjoy!
Python Primitives
Variables
Variables are used for storing values. A string is a series of characters, surrounded by quotes.
String Manipulation
String manipulation is for accessing specific characters within a string.
Escape Sequences
Escape sequences are used for indicating special characters that are used in the languages, such as quotes.
Type Conversions
Type conversions are used for converting between different types of values.
Python Methods Cheat Sheet Answers
Useful Number Functions
A couple of useful number related functions.
Useful String Methods
Useful and common string functions.
Formatting Strings
Formatting strings is the most common way to format a string.
Falsy Values
Falsy values are values that evaluate to false.
Regular Conditions
Conditions control the logic flow within a program.
Ternary Condition
Ternary condition is the short version of an if-else condition statement.
Chaining Comparison
Chaining Comparison is a way to chain two conditions into one.
For Loops
Loops repeat a block of code for a specific number of iterations.
Python While Loops
Repeats a block of code until a specific condition is true.
Boolean Logic
Determines what is true or false.
Equality
Checks if two items are equal or not.
How to Define a Function
A function is a named block of code designed to do one specific job.
Variable Number of Arguments
Variable number of parameters that are passed to a function.
Variable Number of Keyword Arguments
Keyword Arguments
Creation
Stores a series of items in a particular order.
Access
Basic Python Command Cheat Sheet
Unpacking
Looping
Items within a list are accessed using an index, or within a loop.
Adding
Removing
Finding
Sorting
List Zipping
Dictionaries
Dictionaries store connections between pieces of information. Each item is a key-value pair.
Sets
Python Tuples
Similar to lists, but the items can’t be modified.
List
Set
Dictionary
Handling
Exceptions help respond appropriately to errors that are likely to occur.
Raising
Creating
Python Magic Methods Cheat Sheet
A class defines the behavior of an object and the kind of information an object can store.
Attributes
The information in a class is stored in attributes.
Instance / Class / Statics Methods
Functions that belong to a class are called methods.
Private Members
Properties
Inheritance
A child class inherits the attributes and methods from its parent class.
Multiple Inheritance
Named Tuples Example
Importing